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Union of India v. Ranganathan (1999)
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About — Union of India v. Ranganathan (1999)
Union of India v. Ranganathan (1999) is a Supreme Court case that clarified the scope of the right to privacy under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, holding that a police officer's unauthorized entry into a private residence without a warrant violates that right. The judgment introduced the reasonable expectation of privacy test, later influencing data‑protection jurisprudence.